| Information | |
|---|---|
| has gloss | (noun) (linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed; "thematic vowels are part of the stem" theme, root word, base, root, stem, radical |
| has gloss | eng: The root is the primary lexical unit of a word, which carries the most significant aspects of semantic content and cannot be reduced into smaller constituents. Content words in nearly all languages contain, and may consist only of, root morphemes. However,sometimes the term "root" is also used to describe the word minus its inflectional endings, but with its lexical endings in place. For example, chatters has the inflectional root or lemma chatter, but the lexical root chat. Inflectional roots are often called stems, and a root in the stricter sense may be thought of as a monomorphemic stem. |
| lexicalization | eng: base |
| lexicalization | eng: radical |
| lexicalization | eng: root word |
| lexicalization | eng: root |
| lexicalization | eng: stem |
| lexicalization | eng: theme |
| subclass of | (noun) the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something; "the inflected forms of a word can be represented by a stem and a list of inflections to be attached" word form, descriptor, signifier, form |
| Meaning | |
|---|---|
| Arabic | |
| has gloss | ara: الجذر هو الوحدة المعجمة الأولية لكل كلمة، التي تحمل المعنى الأهم من تلك الكلمة والدلالة، والتي لا يجوز أن تتجزأ. |
| lexicalization | ara: جذر |
| Standard Arabic | |
| lexicalization | arb: جذر |
| Breton | |
| has gloss | bre: Er yezhoniezh e vez implijet an termen gwrizienn (saoz: ) evit komz eus elfenn bennañ ur ger. Nhall ket ur wrizienn bezañ isrannet e tammoù bihanoch hag enni e kaver an darn vrasañ eus an danvez semantikel, da skouer: |
| lexicalization | bre: Gwrizienn |
| Catalan | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | cat: arrel |
| Czech | |
| has gloss | ces: Kořen v lingvistice označuje jednotlivý morfém slova, který nese základní význam. Nelze ho dále členit na menší významové jednotky. |
| lexicalization | ces: kořen |
| German | |
| has gloss | deu: Unter Wurzel versteht man in der Linguistik den Bedeutungskern eines Wortes. Die Wurzel eines Wortes bildet somit die kleinste Einheit (morphologisches Atom) für die Wortbildung. Im Unterschied zur Wurzel ist der Wortstamm die Ausgangsform um neue Wörter zu bilden, z. B. durch Derivation, Konversion, Komposition (in der Wortbildung) bzw. durch Flexion (Wortbeugung). Die Wurzel unterliegt allenfalls der Ablautbildung. In der Linguistik wird eine Wurzel im Sinne eines morphologischen Atoms oft mit dem Symbol √ gekennzeichnet. |
| lexicalization | deu: Wurzel |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | deu: Wurzelwort |
| lexicalization | deu: Wortstamm |
| Esperanto | |
| has gloss | epo: Etimo estas studobjekto de etimologio, nome pli fruaj aŭ alilingvaj formoj de vorto. Ekzemple, la etimo de la vorto ĉevalo estas la Franca vorto cheval, kies etimo siavice estas la Latina caballus. |
| lexicalization | epo: etimo |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | epo: radikalo |
| Estonian | |
| lexicalization | est: juur |
| French | |
| has gloss | fra: En linguistique, un radical (ou racine ou encore morphème lexical, lexème, bien que ces notions ne soient pas, dans le détail, identiques) est la plus petite et plus ancienne unité lexicale qui permette de former des mots apparentés. Cette notion est principalement étudiée en morphologie, étymologie et linguistique comparée mais aussi en lexicologie (bien que lon se réfère de préférence plus facilement au lexème dans ce dernier cas). Si lexème connote une analyse synchronique, radical est plus souvent réservé à lanalyse diachronique. |
| lexicalization | fra: Radical |
| Gaelic | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | gla: freumh |
| Galician | |
| lexicalization | glg: raíz |
| Manx | |
| lexicalization | glv: fraue |
| Hebrew | |
| has gloss | heb: במורפולוגיה, שורש של מילה הוא מורפמה, יחידה לשונית שאיננה ניתנת לפירוק, הנושאת את עיקר המשמעות הלקסיקלית של המילה. בכך הוא נבדל ממוספית, שתפקידה הוא בעיקר אפיון דקדוקי או גיוון המשמעות של השורש או הבסיס (stem) שאליו היא מצטרפת. מילים החולקות שורש משותף מהוות משפחת מילים. קיימת זיקה סמנטית ואסוציאטיבית בין מילים מאותה המשפחה, אך זיקה זו עשויה להיות עמומה למדי, מכיוון שמשמעות השורש נוטה להיות כללית ומופשטת. |
| lexicalization | heb: שורש |
| Hungarian | |
| has gloss | hun: A gyök a szó elsődleges lexikai alapeleme, amely a jelentés tartalom legalapvetőbb rétegeit hordozza, és nem redukálható további alkotórészekre. Majd minden nyelv szótárának szavaiban és kifejezéseiben találunk gyököket, illetve találhatunk kizárólag gyök morfémákból álló szavakat. A gyök nem azonos a szótővel, mivel ez utóbbi esetében nem áll fenn a nemredukálhatóság kritériuma, bár gondolhatunk rá úgy, mint monomorfemikus szótőre. |
| lexicalization | hun: gyök |
| Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) | |
| lexicalization | ina: radice |
| Indonesian | |
| lexicalization | ind: akar kata |
| Icelandic | |
| has gloss | isl: Rót er í málvísindum sá hluti orðs sem ekki er hægt að brjóta niður í minni myndön. |
| lexicalization | isl: Rót |
| Italian | |
| has gloss | ita: In linguistica, la radice è quell'elemento irriducibile (non ulteriormente suddivisibile) che esprime il significato principale della parola. |
| lexicalization | ita: radice |
| Lojban | |
| has gloss | jbo: ro gismu cu jicmu brivla bau lo logji bangu |
| lexicalization | jbo: gismu |
| Japanese | |
| has gloss | jpn: 語根（ごこん）とは、単語を形態論的に分析した単位（形態素）のうち最小のもので、基本的な意味を示すものをいう。 |
| lexicalization | jpn: 語根 |
| Kazakh | |
| has gloss | kaz: Түбір морфема - сөздің әрі қарай бөлшектеуге келмейтін ең түпкі негізі. Бұл түпкі негіз сөздің құрылысының да, мағынасының да негізгі ұйтқысы болып есептелінеді. Өйткені түбір морфема сөздің негізгі лексикалық мағынасын білдіреді. Түбір морфема қатыспаса, қосымша морфеманың бір де біреуі яки бірнешеуі қосылып та ешқандай мағынаны білдіре алмайды. |
| lexicalization | kaz: Сөз түбірі |
| Korean | |
| has gloss | kor: 어근(語根)은 단어의 가장 중심이 되는 형태소를 말한다. 곧, 뜻을 갖는 말의 최소단위이다. 말밑이라고도 한다. 이것만으로 어간이 되기도 하고 딴말과 합쳐져서 어간이 되기도 한다. 합성어의 경우 합성된 낱낱의 실질형태소, 파생어의 경우 접사를 제외한 나머지 부분이 어근에 해당한다. |
| lexicalization | kor: 어근 |
| Kölsch | |
| lexicalization | ksh: Woozel |
| Latin | |
| has gloss | lat: Radix linguistica est prima materia semantica. Verba licet sint composita unius radicis vel multarum, praefixis, infixis, suffixisve significationes addentibus. |
| lexicalization | lat: Radix linguistica |
| Malay (macrolanguage) | |
| has gloss | msa: Akar kata ialah unit leksikal utama bagi sesuata perkataan. Ia menyampaikan aspek-aspek kandungan semantik yang paling penting dan tidak dapat dipecahkan lagi kepada unsur-unsur juzuk yang lebih kecil. Kata isi dalam hampir semua bahasa mengandungi dan boleh terdiri hanya daripada morfem akar. Bagaimanapun, istilah "kata akar" kekadang juga digunakan untuk memerikan perkataan tanpa akhiran fleksi, tetapi dengan akhiran leksikal pada tempatnya. Misalnya, chatters dalam bahasa Inggeris mempunyai akar fleksi atau lema, chatter, tetapi akar leksikalnya ialah chat. Akar fleksi sering digelar kata dasar, dengan erti kata "akar" yang paling ketat mungkin dapat dianggap sebagai kata dasar monomorfem. |
| lexicalization | msa: akar kata |
| Neapolitan | |
| lexicalization | nap: ràreca |
| Low German | |
| has gloss | nds: Mit Wörtel oder ok Wuddel meent de Spraakwetenschop den Karn vun en Woort, de de Bedüden driggt. De Wörtel vun en Woort billt dormit de lüttste Eenheit (dat morpholoogsche Atom) för dat Billen vun Wöör. |
| lexicalization | nds: Wörtel |
| Dutch | |
| has gloss | nld: Met de radix of wortel wordt de kleinste betekenisvolle eenheid in een taal bedoeld. Lexicale eenheden bestaan altijd uit minstens één wortel. De wortel wordt onderscheiden van de stam, doordat het bij wortels zowel om vrije als gebonden morfemen kan gaan. De stam van een woord is altijd een vrij morfeem. Bij talen met weinig verbuiging zoals het Engels en Nederlands is een woord doorgaans gelijk aan de stam/wortel. |
| lexicalization | nld: Radix |
| Norwegian Bokmål | |
| lexicalization | nob: rot |
| Novial | |
| lexicalization | nov: radike |
| Polish | |
| has gloss | pol: Rdzeń (niekiedy także pierwiastek – por. ang. root) – główny morfem wyrazu, który pozostaje po oddzieleniu od niego wszystkich afiksów. |
| lexicalization | pol: rdzeń |
| Portuguese | |
| has gloss | por: Radical é a parte do verbo ou substantivo que exprime a idéia geral da palavra, ou seja, seu significado mesmo sem o prefixo ou sufixo. É a parte invariável do vocábulo. Raiz diferente de radical |
| lexicalization | por: Radical |
| Moldavian | |
| has gloss | ron: Rădăcina sau radicalul este un element primitiv invariabil (total sau parţial), ireductibil din punct de vedere morfologic, comun mai multor cuvinte care constituie o familie, sau mai multor forme ale aceluiaşi cuvânt, şi care conţine sensul lexical al cuvântului. Exemple de rădăcini în limba română: |
| lexicalization | ron: Rădăcină |
| lexicalization | ron: rădăcină |
| Russian | |
| has gloss | rus: Корень — морфема, несущая лексическое значение слова (или основную часть этого значения); корень имеется в каждом слове, и слово может состоять из одного или нескольких (в сложных словах) корней. |
| lexicalization | rus: Корень |
| Slovenian | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | slv: koren |
| Swahili (macrolanguage) | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | swa: shina |
| Swedish | |
| has gloss | swe: En ordstam är den grundläggande del, eller stam, av ett ord till vilken, i till exempel svenska, ett affix fogas för att fylla olika syntaktiska funktioner. |
| lexicalization | swe: ordstam |
| Venetian | |
| has gloss | vec: Ła raixa de na paroła l'è ła baxe invariàbiłe che ła dà el sénso de partensa de na paroła, che dopo el vien giustà e precixà da łe dexinense, i sufisi, i infisi e i prefisi derivativi che se taca. |
| lexicalization | vec: raixa |
| lexicalization | vec: Raìxa |
| Chinese | |
| has gloss | zho: 词根是詞語的組成根本。從詞根我們可以變化出一個詞語的不同變化，如：時態、動作之類的表示。 |
| lexicalization | zho: 词根 |
| Links | |
|---|---|
| has category | (noun) the scientific study of language linguistics |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| similar | e/Root (linguistics) |
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